Research on the Evolution of Habitat Quality in Yunnan Province Based on the InVEST Model

Evaluating Habitat Quality through land use and cover change is of great significance for biodiversity and the sustainable development of the ecological environment. This study explores the spatiotemporal changes in land use and Habitat Quality in Yunnan Province in 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2022 by combining the Habitat Quality module of the InVEST model with ArcMap software. The results indicate that: (1) The area of forest land in Yunnan Province is the largest, followed by grassland and cultivated land, with the area of construction land increasing year by year and the area of cultivated land decreasing significantly; (2) The main type of land use conversion in Yunnan Province is from cultivated land to construction land, with other land conversion types being relatively balanced, and the area of water bodies and unused land continuously increasing; (3) The overall level of Habitat Quality in Yunnan Province is relatively high, with high and higher-grade areas accounting for about 79%, and the average Habitat Quality maintained above 0.8; (4) Before 2010, the Habitat Quality in Yunnan Province showed a spatial characteristic of lower in the east and higher in the west. After 2010, there was a degradation in Habitat Quality, showing a spatial characteristic of lower in the east and west, and higher in the central region.